Longevidade saudável e equilíbrios dinâmicos do bem-estar, da dieta e da atividade física
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31211/rpics.2024.10.1.315Palavras-chave:
Atividade física, Bem-estar subjetivo, Dieta mediterrânica, Indicadores biofisiológicos, Longevidade saudávelResumo
Contexto: A longevidade saudável resulta da interação dinâmica entre fatores ambientais, biológicos e psicossociais, como a saúde e o bem-estar subjetivos.Objetivo: Analisar como o bem-estar subjetivo, a saúde subjetiva, a atividade física e a dieta mediterrânica se relacionam com biomarcadores do envelhecimento e com o número de fármacos prescritos, e como variam em função de grupos diferenciados por idade, sexo e outras variáveis sociodemográficas. Métodos: Utilizou-se uma metodologia transversal não experimental envolvendo 290 pessoas, de 61 a 98 anos de idade, não institucionalizadas, residentes na Região de Coimbra. Os biomarcadores foram recolhidos de relatórios de análises clínicas e os restantes dados, demográficos, psicossociais e do estilo de vida, foram recolhidos através de questionários. Resultados: Verificou-se que o bem-estar subjetivo apresenta invariância em função da idade cronológica e do estado civil, mas não do sexo. A perceção da saúde revelou-se um fator diferenciador da satisfação com a vida, da afetividade negativa, dos sintomas depressivos e da perceção de suporte social, assim como dos biomarcadores fosfatase alcalina, triglicerídeos e HDL e do número de fármacos. A atividade física foi diferenciadora da sintomatologia depressiva, da rede social, do padrão alimentar, da fosfatase alcalina e do número de medicamentos. Conclusões: Destaca-se a estabilidade do bem-estar subjetivo ao longo da idade adulta avançada e observa-se que a maioria dos participantes até 79 anos considera-se de boa saúde. Recomendam-se ações que promovam os afetos positivos, a rede social e a prática de atividade física moderada a intensa, por se revelarem associados ao bem-estar e à saúde física e subjetiva.
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