Calcular e apresentar tamanhos do efeito em trabalhos científicos (2): Guia para reportar a força das relações

Helena Espírito Santo; Fernanda Daniel

doi:10.7342/ismt.rpics.2017.3.1.48

Autores

Helena Espírito Santo Instituto Superior Miguel Torga; Centro de Investigação em Neuropsicologia e Intervenção Cognitiva e Comportamental, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2625-3754
Fernanda Daniel Instituto Superior Miguel Torga; Centro de Estudos e Investigação em Saúde da Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7342/ismt.rpics.2017.3.1.48

Palavras-chave:

Tamanho do efeito, Coeficientes de correlação, Apresentação estatística, Interpretação estatística

Resumo

No primeiro número da Revista Portuguesa de Investigação Comportamental e Social foi descrita a importância de calcular, indicar e interpretar os tamanhos do efeito para as diferenças de médias de dois grupos. A RPICS pretende continuar a alertar para a importância de reportar os tamanhos do efeito para outros testes estatísticos. A magnitude da força das relações não foi indicada no artigo prévio e talvez não se saiba que a correlação é um tamanho do efeito. Assim, este artigo pretende fornecer algumas diretrizes aos autores sobre os procedimentos de cálculo do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson e alguns coeficientes de correlação para dados especiais (Ró de Spearman, Tau de Kendall, Ponto-bisserial e bisserial, Fi, V de Cramér e Eta). Com esse objetivo, serão apresentadas as fórmulas, os passos no SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), pressupostos e precauções, classificação dos valores e sua interpretação. Uma vez que o SPSS não computa todos os coeficientes referidos, nos suplementos ao artigo são incluídas cinco folhas de cálculo (3 formas de comparar correlações, correlações ponto-bisserial e bisserial e correção de correlações para amostras < 60).

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